{"id":119,"date":"2023-05-15T15:27:31","date_gmt":"2023-05-15T10:27:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/yarat.uz\/?p=119"},"modified":"2025-03-19T15:27:05","modified_gmt":"2025-03-19T10:27:05","slug":"raqamli-termometr","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yarat.uz\/?p=119","title":{"rendered":"Raqamli termodatchiklar [14+]"},"content":{"rendered":"

DHT (DHT11, DHT21, DHT22) raqamli datchigi<\/strong><\/p>\n

DHT raqamli datchiklari nisbatan quyiroq aniqlikdagi lekin arzon va eng ko’p uchraydigan datchiklar hisoblanadi.<\/p>\n

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\"\"<\/p>\n

Raqamli termodatchiklar ishtirokidagi barcha loyihalarimizni Wemos D1 mini platasi uchun yaratamiz. Bu bizga kelgusida termometr ko’rsatkichlarini WiFi tarmoq yoki Internet orqali olish imkoniyatini ham yaratadi (Arduino UNO uchun ham sketch o’zgarmaydi, lekin uni to’g’ridan-tog’ri WiFi tarmog’iga ulash imkoniyati yo’q).<\/p>\n

Bog’lanish sxemasi (datchik chiqish pini mikrokontrollerning D2 piniga ulanadi):<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

DHT11, DHT21 yoki DHT22 modullari asosida raqamli termometr yaratish uchun quyidagi oddiy sketchidan foydalanish mumkin. Bunda Arduinoning DHT.h bibliotekasidan foydalaniladi. Har bir notanish tushuncha yoki amallar bo’yicha izohlar keltiriladi.<\/p>\n

<\/span>'DHT modullari asosidagi termometr va gigrometr<\/div>
\n#include <DHT.h> \/\/ DHT datchiklari bibliotekasini ulash
\n#define DHTPIN D2 \/\/ DHT datchigiga ulanadigan raqamli pinni ko’rsatish
\n\/\/ ESP8266 uchun: 3, 4, 5, 12, 13 yoki 14 pinlaridan foydalanish mumkin
\n\/\/ 15 pini ham ishlatilishi mumkin, lekin sketchni yuklash paytida DHT datchigini uzib turish kerak.<\/p>\n

DHT dht(DHTPIN, DHT11); \/\/ dht nomli obyektni e’lon qilamiz (2-argumentni DHT21, DHT22 ga almashtirish mumkin)
\nvoid setup() {
\nSerial.begin(9600);
\ndht.begin(); \/\/ dht obyektini (datchikni) faollashtirish
\n}<\/p>\n

void loop() {
\ndelay(1000); \/\/ o’chash pauzasi
\nfloat temp = dht.readTemperature(); \/\/temperaturani o’chash va o’zgaruvchiga o’zlashtirish
\nfloat hum = dht.readHumidity(); \/\/havo namligini o’chash va o’zgaruvchiga o’zlashtirish
\nSerial.println(“Temperatura: ” + (String)temp + ” \u00b0C, havo namligi: ” + (String)hum + ” %”); \/\/ natijalarni port monitoriga chiqarish
\n}<\/div><\/div>\n

DS18B20 raqamli datchigi
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

DS18B20 yuqori aniqlikdagi termodatchik hisoblanadi. DS18B20 datchigining 3 xil korpus<\/strong>dagi variantlari uchraydi (quyidagi rasm). Lekin ularning ishlatilishi bir xil. Bir-biridan tashqi ko’rinishi va korpusining shakli bilan farq qiladi. Bundan tashqari, datchikning 3 kabelli varianti uning o’chash elementini (metall element) yaratilayotgan Arduino qurilmasining korpusidan tashqarida ham qo’llash imkonini beradi (lekin narxi ham qimmatroq turadi).<\/p>\n

Ushbu datchikning yana bir o’ziga xos tomoni – har bir datchik unikal manzilga egaligi hisoblanadi. Bitta mikrokontrollerga bir nechta datchik qo’llashga to’g’ri kelsa, ularning har birini alohida raqamli pinga ulamasdan, hamma datchikni Arduino platasining yagona raqamli piniga ulash mumkin. Sketchda har bir datchikning manzilini aniq ko’rsatish zarur bo’ladi.<\/p>\n

DS18B20 datchigi asosidagi sketchlarni tuzishda biz tashqi “DallasTemperature.h<\/a>” va “OneWire.h<\/a>” bibliotekalaridan foydalanamiz.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

DS18B20 datchigining 3 xil ko’rinishi (korpuslari)<\/em><\/p>\n

Faqat 1 ta DS18B20 datchigi yordamida temperaturani ko’rsatadigan raqamli termometr yaratish uchun quyidagi oddiy sketchidan foydalanish mumkin (sketchda datchik ruxsatnomasi ko’rsatilmasa, maksimal 12 qiymati qabul qilinadi. Ruxsatnoma darajasi ortishi o’lchash aniqligini orttiradi, lekin o’chash vaqtini uzaytiradi. O’zgarish oralig’i: 90…750 millisekund. delay() funksiyasi argumenti shu qiymatdan past bo’lmasligi kerak).<\/p>\n

Wemos D1 mini platasiga bog’lanish sxemasi:<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

<\/span>'DS18B20 datchigi asosidagi termometr<\/div>
\n#include <OneWire.h> \/\/ OneWire bibliotekasini ulaymiz
\n#include <DallasTemperature.h> \/\/ DallasTemperature bibliotekasini ulaymiz
\nOneWire ow(D1); \/\/ D1-pinga ulangan OneWire turidagi “ow” obyektini e’lon qilamiz
\nDallasTemperature datchik(&ow); \/\/ DallasTemperature turidagi datchik obyektini e’lon qilamiz
\nvoid setup() {
\nSerial.begin(9600);
\ndatchik.begin(); \/\/ “datchik” obyektini (datchikni) faollashtiramiz
\n\/\/ datchik.setResolution(D1, 12); \/\/ D1-pin raqami, 12 – ruxsatnoma (sezgirlik: 9-12) maksimal darajasi<\/p>\n

}
\nvoid loop() {
\ndatchik.requestTemperatures(); \/\/ Temperatura so’rovini yuboramiz va natijani 1 sekund kutamiz
\ndelay(1000);
\nint temp = datchik.getTempCByIndex(0); \/\/ olingan natijani o’zgaruvchiga o’zlashtiramiz
\nSerial.println(“Temperatura: ” + (String)temp);
\n}<\/div><\/div>\n

Yuqorida ta’kidlanganidek, mikrokontrollerga bir nechta datchik ulangan taqdirda, sketchda har bir datchikning manzilini aniq ko’rsatish zarur.\u00a0 Tabiiyki, datchik manzilini qayerdan olamiz, degan savol tug’ilishi aniq. Bunda bizga raqamli pinga ulangan datchik manzilini aniqlab beruvchi quyidagi sketch yordam beradi:<\/p>\n

<\/span>'DS18B20 datchigi manzilini aniqlash<\/div>
#include #include <OneWire.h>
\nOneWire ds(D1); \/\/ datchik ulangan pin
\nvoid setup() {
\nSerial.begin(9600);
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

void loop() {
\nbyte i;
\nbyte addr[8];
\nif (!ds.search(addr)) {
\nSerial.println();
\nSerial.println(“Boshqa manzil yo’q!”);
\nds.reset_search();
\ndelay(1000);
\nreturn;
\n}
\nSerial.print(“Manzil:”);
\nfor (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
\nSerial.write(‘ ‘);
\nSerial.print(addr[i], HEX);
\n}
\n}<\/div><\/div>\n

Endi aniqlangan datchiklar manzillaridan foydalanib, 2 ta datchik ishtirokidagi termometr sketchini yaratamiz (ular sonini yana ko’paytirish mumkin). Ushbu sketchda “microDS18B20.h<\/a>” bibliotekasidan foydalanamiz (temperatura ko’rsatkichlari butun sonlarda ko’rsatiladi).<\/p>\n

Sxemada deyarli o’zgarish bo’lmaydi (datchiklar parallel ulanadi):<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

<\/span>2 ta DS18B20 datchigi asosidagi termometr<\/div>
\n#include <microDS18B20.h>
\nuint8_t s1_addr[] = {0x28, 0x61, 0x64, 0x9, 0x56, 0x37, 0x5D, 0xB5}; \/\/ 1-datchik manzili
\nuint8_t s2_addr[] = {0x28, 0x61, 0x64, 0x9, 0x56, 0x37, 0x5D, 0xB8}; \/\/ 2-datchik manzili
\nMicroDS18B20<D1, s1_addr> datchik1; \/\/ datchik1 nomli MicroDS18B20 obyektini e’lon qilamiz
\nMicroDS18B20<D1, s2_addr> datchik2; \/\/ datchik2 nomli MicroDS18B20 obyektini e’lon qilamiz
\nvoid setup() {
\nSerial.begin(9600);
\n}
\nvoid loop() {
\ndatchik1.requestTemp(); \/\/ 1-datchikka temperatura so’rovini yuboramiz
\ndatchik2.requestTemp(); \/\/ 2-datchikka temperatura so’rovini yuboramiz
\ndelay(1000); \/\/ so’rov natijalarini 1 sekund kutamiz
\nint temp1 = datchik1.getTemp(); \/\/ 1-datchik natijasini o’zgaruvchiga o’zlashtiramiz
\nint temp2 = datchik2.getTemp(); \/\/ 2-datchik natijasini o’zgaruvchiga o’zlashtiramiz
\nSerial.println(“Xona temperaturasi: ” + (String)temp1);
\nSerial.println(“Hovli temperaturasi: ” + (String)temp2);
\n}<\/div><\/div><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

DHT (DHT11, DHT21, DHT22) raqamli datchigi DHT raqamli datchiklari nisbatan quyiroq aniqlikdagi lekin arzon va eng ko’p uchraydigan datchiklar hisoblanadi. Raqamli termodatchiklar ishtirokidagi barcha loyihalarimizni Wemos D1 mini platasi uchun yaratamiz. Bu bizga kelgusida termometr ko’rsatkichlarini WiFi tarmoq yoki Internet orqali olish imkoniyatini ham yaratadi (Arduino UNO uchun ham sketch o’zgarmaydi, lekin uni to’g’ridan-tog’ri WiFi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-119","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-namunaviy-sketchlar"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/yarat.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/yarat.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/yarat.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yarat.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yarat.uz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=119"}],"version-history":[{"count":28,"href":"https:\/\/yarat.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5116,"href":"https:\/\/yarat.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119\/revisions\/5116"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/yarat.uz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=119"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yarat.uz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=119"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yarat.uz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=119"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}